Nature and Environment

The decade marked an important period in the knowledge and conservation of natural sciences. In 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill damaged marine ecological reefs in the Gulf of Mexico, highlighting the environmental risks of offshore drilling. In 2012, Hurricane Sandy impacted the eastern United States, highlighting the risks of extreme weather events exacerbated by … Read more

The 2000s saw a mix of triumphs and challenges in the field of nature. In 2004, the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami destroyed coastal areas, a clear sign of the power of nature. However, natural conservation efforts have seen progress, such as the establishment of the Papahānaumokuākeamarine National Monument in 2006. Climate change attracted global … Read more

The 1990s saw significant changes in the field of environmental awareness and conservation. In 1990, for the first time, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report highlighted the need to address climate change. During the decade, the Earth Summit took place, culminating in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, which led to the Convention on … Read more

In the 1980s, the world witnessed significant environmental events and changes in attitudes toward nature. In 1980, CERCLA legislation was passed in the US, which aims to address hazardous waste sites. In 1982, the ozone hole was discovered in Antarctica, leading to global concerns about ozone depletion. In 1984, the Bhopal gas disaster occurred, which … Read more

In the history of vegetation, the 1970s represent a period of advancement in human awareness of nature, with increasing concern for environmental protection and conservation. In 1970, the first Earth Day was celebrated, inspiring millions of people around the world to raise their voice for environmental protection. This inspiration led to the establishment of government … Read more

The 1960s saw a significant change in global awareness of nature and environmental protection. In 1962, Rachel Carson’s inspirational book “Silent Spring” highlighted the harmful effects of pesticides, generating widespread concern about environmental harm. Inspired by this, Earth Day was established on 22 April in 1970. In 1964, the Wilderness Act was passed into law, … Read more

In the 1950s, the world saw significant changes in its natural landscapes. In 1953, the discovery of the double-helix structure of DNA revolutionized biology, profoundly influencing our knowledge of reproduction and evolution. The 1950s marked the beginning of environmental awareness, such as the Great Smog of London in 1952, which stimulated increasing cognizance in terms … Read more

The 1940s saw both triumphs and dilemmas for Nature. The decade began in the shadow of World War II, whose environmental impacts ranged from deforestation to pollution. However, amidst this chaos, candles were lit in the conservation effort and national parks and wildlife sanctuaries were established around the world. In 1944, the International Union for … Read more

In the 1930s, nature saw triumphs and tribulations. In 1930, dust accumulation began in the Great Plains of the American continent, causing severe dust storms and ecological destruction. Environmental challenges continued in the years that followed, and, increasingly, the bad dust epidemic reached its peak in 1934. However, amidst this adversity, in 1935, the United … Read more

In the last decade, the world experienced a profound change in natural relations. The decade began with the aftermath of World War II, leading to increased environmental awareness due to the devastation caused by the war. In 1921, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) was founded, an important step in global environmental efforts. … Read more

In the tenth century, our relationship with Nature underwent significant changes. In 1910, Theodore Roosevelt established the first national monument, Devils Tower, in Wyoming, United States, which serves as a guide for environmental protection efforts. In 1912, the RMS Titanic expedition tragically sank, showing the frailty of humans amidst the vastness of nature. In this … Read more

The 1900s saw a significant change in knowledge and understanding of the natural world. In 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt established the first National Wildlife Sanctuary in Florida, a milestone in conservation efforts. 1905 saw the publication of Albert Einstein’s wonderful papers on the photoelectric effect and special statistics that would eventually recreate our universe and … Read more

The 1890s were an important era in the history of this environment with major events that shaped environmental consciousness. In 1892, influential naturalist John Muir founded the Sierra Club, promoting forest conservation and a growing environmental protection movement. This decade witnessed the establishment of Yosemite National Park, a landmark in the US national park system, … Read more

In the 1880s, the study of natural sciences faced significant developments and changes. In 1882, the first Arbor Day was celebrated in Nebraska, symbolizing the growing awareness of environmental protection. This decade saw the founding of the National Geographic Society in 1888, which sought to promote exploration and understanding of the natural world. In 1887, … Read more

The 1870s saw significant changes in the perspective and conservation of nature. In 1872, the world’s first national park, Yellowstone, was established in the United States, marking an important step in environmental protection. At the same time, the modern conservation movement emerged, in which personalities like John Muir played an important role, whose appreciation led … Read more

The Natural Archive contains material dating back to its beginning in 1869, including images, text, and language that might be considered disrespectful and harmful by today’s standards, such as jingoism, racism, and other forms of discrimination. Although this material does not align with Nature’s current values and would not be published today, it is preserved … Read more