Water quality is a major issue that mankind has been facing in recent years. The water is kept separate from other environmental components, as it cannot be replaced. The water cycle forms the basic mobility of life and economy cycles. Water resources are limited and are exposed to many negative effects of human-inspired. Fresh water resources on our planet are only 2.5% of the water resources. Water is an indispensable resource for all living things and is an important value. Life cannot be imagined without water. The existence of adequate and good quality water is the basic condition of the freshwater ecosystem as well as food security and sustainable development and hence the future of humanity. The pollution of limited fresh water resources puts further pressure on fresh water resources. Eight liters of clean water should be used to clean a liter of waste water. Safe drinking water is an indispensable requirement for all humans. WHO reports that 80% of diseases (bacterial, viral and parasites) are burning. Human beings make a huge contribution in wasting and polluting this important natural resources. Education and awareness related to water pollution should be given to humanity so that this problem can be reduced to a certain level. This research is about the current scientific progress to deal with water pollutants and mainly focuses on the source of various water pollutants and their current status in the environment and ecosystem. It is believed that this study will contribute to reducing the pollution level of literature and water resources on this subject.
Introduction
Environmental components such as water and stability of these components are very important for all living organisms and the future of the Earth. In the ecosystem, all organisms are connected to each other with the link of life. Therefore, the decline in a part of the system affects the entire system over time. Water is distinguished by other environmental components because it is the main source of life and cannot be replaced. Most of the major problems that mankind are facing in recent years belong to the amount of water and water quality. Water should be protected and protected from all types of pollutants. Water is one of the unavoidable components in the center of life. Life is not possible without water. But water resources contaminated from various toxic, industrial pollutants are unsafe for some problems such as consumption and irrigation activities for humans; Therefore it causes water scarcity for humans and ecosystems. There are two different water sources on our planet. The first is the water that we see in the oceans, rivers, lakes and ponds called superficial water. The surface water is home to many species of plants and animals that depend not only on the amount of water but also on its quality to survive. The second is groundwater, which accumulates under the surface in the earth’s hydroelectrics. This source of water nourishes our rivers and oceans and supplies most of the world’s drinking water. Both these water resources are important for life on earth, both can be dirty in different ways. The term pollution can be defined as contamination; Deforestation, dirty, dirty, spoiling, destruction.
Water pollution of pollution is very important for the health of all organisms; Especially for mankind. Unfortunately, water sources are used inadvertently and in a contaminated manner, threatening their coming generations. When the water is polluted, it becomes unsafe for human consumption, as water contains dangerous or toxic substances and disease -causing bacteria and organisms.
Economic activities that began with the industrialization process promoted the growth and development of countries, but also negatively impact environmental problems and especially water resources. Although a large part of the Earth is covered with water, the amount of available water is very low. In addition to natural causes, damage caused by human activities has put pressure on limited water resources and global water problems. Various research and studies are performed on global water problems. Studies suggest that in addition to climate phenomena such as drought, global warming and climate change, many reasons such as increase in world population, urbanization rate and pollution of water resources will cause global water crisis. “As the development in human population and modern technology increases, the risk of water pollution also increases”. The main reason behind the water crisis in the world is water pollution. Global water quality is threatened by industries, agricultural activities, cities, mining areas and other reasons. This pollution is then transferred to superficial and ground water. It can pose risk to health and environment when surface water is polluted. In addition, waterways have important roles for washing and cleaning, fishing and fisheries and entertainment. In addition, poisonous chemicals from soil or rock layers can dissolve in ground water.
In recent years, there has been a major increase in freshwater demand due to rapid growth in population and rapid industrialization. Living organisms, ecosystems and human health are a threat to most agricultural development activities, especially from excessive use and unhealthy conditions of fertilizers. In many parts of the world, water quality has declined due to anthropological activities. Water pollution is one of the most important issues for the government and scientists. Therefore, it is very important to protect water sources and water quality due to severe water pollution and global deficiency of water resources. To prevent this negative effect, it is mainly necessary for people to educate about the negative effects of environment and water pollution.
Source of water pollutants
Water pollution is one of the main environmental problems of today. Water is the most sensitive in terms of pollution in natural resources. We can list the main causes of water pollution as such: industrialization, plastic and polyethylene bags, pesticides and fertilizers, sewage and other oxygen demanding waste, domestic sewage, population growth, urbanization, utrophification, mining, agrarian-chemical waste, nutritional contrition, nutritional pollution, oil leakage, oil leakage, oil leakage, Acid rain pollution, radioactive waste, climate change and others. It has been recorded that 75 to 80% water pollution is caused by domestic sewage. Pesticides, sugar, textiles, paper and pulp are polluting waste water from electroplating industries. Polluted water and water sources have unbearable smell and have low vegetation and organisms. 80% of the world’s population is facing threats for water security. Large amounts of domestic sewage are shed in the river and most sewage is untreated. Domestic sewage contains solid waste, toxins, plastic waste, bacterial contaminants and these toxins cause water pollution. Various industrial waste which are shed in the river without treatment are also one of the main causes of water pollution.
Harmful chemicals can enter waterways from points or nonpoint sources. Point source pollution is caused by discharge emanating from the same source, such as an industrial site. Nonpoint source pollution includes many small sources (pesticides, fertilizers). “Pesticides are used to kill bacteria, insects, and various germs. Pesticides are polluting water directly and affecting water quality. If the amount of pesticides is high or they are not managed properly then it will be dangerous to agricultural ecosystems”. If the suspended content in the water emanating from the dams is reduced, then a large amount of dams accumulates on the bottom of the dams and the nutrients are eliminated and often it becomes more saline, which has a harmful effect on downstream agriculture and fisheries. The level of water pollution depends on the ecological effects of the pollutant, the abundance of the pollution and the use of water. Pollutants especially arise from biological, chemical or physical activities, natural causes; In addition, major pollution is the result of human activities. Sometimes rainwater flows through land and collects toxic elements from pesticides and fertilizers such as pollutants, animal waste, oil and urban road salt and abandoned mines.
The growing population also plays a negative role in polluting water; Increased population increases solid waste production. Solid and liquid waste are shed in rivers; Water is also contaminated with human stool. A large number of bacteria are also found in contaminated water which are harmful to human health. As more and more people move to cities and towns, these factors cause water pollution and water consumption. Forest harvesting and urban development often lead to water pollution. Some pollutants (agricultural chemicals, pesticides, petrochemical hydrocarbons, heavy metals and radio nucleids…) can be formed from concentrations and changes of naturally found compounds during domestic, agriculture or industrial use. Many chemicals are not in nature and these chemicals are completely man -made. For example, the destruction of the humidity destroys housing and destroyed natural filters capable of storing and decomposing many pollutants; Therefore, destroying the humidity causes water pollution.
Negative effects of water pollution
Water pollution; It is a name given to pollution seen in water basins such as lakes, rivers, oceans, sea and ground water. It can be defined as mixed substances with water, which change the physical, chemical and biological properties of water, destroy their natural structure and make changes that will damage human and living health. Water pollution has many negative effects on the entire ecosystem, especially on humans and marine organisms. As a result of increasing water pollution, the growth of plant is adversely affected; The minerals required for photosynthesis are not obtained and the forests are unable to grow. Mixing waste with sewage water that causes pollution causes severe pollution. Dirty water also causes bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases in the human body. The growth of algae prevents fish and other marine organisms from taking oxygen and negatively affects the ecosystem.
A free circulation of toxic water in nature makes the soil poisonous and especially pollutes groundwater. Damage to soil threatens the lives of organisms living in the area. The release of sewage water into the sea adversely affects the lives of organisms living in the sea. As the most important symptoms of pollution, improper housing, excessive fishing and improper use of technology, the number of life and species in the sea and inland water decreases. Come into contact with various chemicals leads to illness and death. The natural balance of these chemical substances in its body is disturbed. There is a major connection between water pollution and health problems. Many waterborne diseases and infections are spreading from humans to humans. Health risk associated with polluted water includes various diseases such as respiratory diseases, cancer, reproductive system diseases, diarrhea disease, neurological disorders and heart disease.
With its nature, water is a very liquid thing. It flows into the world regardless of the boundaries of the state and the boundaries of the country, regardless of boundaries or boundaries. This means that pollution of one part of the world can affect one community in another. This makes it difficult to set any standard in our methods of use and conservation of earth water. When water pollution is mentioned, the first thing that comes to mind is pollution in rivers, lakes, ground water and seawater. Water pollution not only threatens life in water, but also causes serious health problems in the area where pollution occurs. Water pollution also has a serious impact on human health. Environmental risk factors causing high mortality diseases in developing countries include unsafe water, lack of waste water system and inadequate hygiene practices.
Conclusions and suggestions
Water is a very important source for all organisms; All organisms require water, so this is life. It keeps them alive but polluted water is a very harmful substance. When humans drink polluted water, it has a serious effect on their health. Air, water and soil are the main elements of our environment. In an effort to address environmental pollution, environmental education is an important factor. The main objective of environment and water pollution education is to equip learners with knowledge, values and skills that promote the safety and protection of the environment. The best thing you can do to prevent water pollution is to educate yourself and your environment about the water supply of the world and to support conservation projects and such tasks. An important objective of water education is to teach understanding of water pollution for the best security of water resources.
Water pollution education is a very important and effective tool to promote public awareness. Water pollution prevention training should be done as follows: Producers should be informed about proper fertilizer by experts, people should be informed about the recycling process and waste materials, information should be given about the loss of excessive consumption, media should be used to promote water pollution awareness, people should be used to use all natural resources for life, people should be used to use water pollution awareness, people should be used for life. Activities, presentations about the presentation should be conducted regularly. The ideal process of reducing pollution of waterways is to reduce or avoid the use of chemicals for agriculture, industrial and domestic purposes.
Water pollution is a worldwide issue and the world community is facing the worst consequences of polluted water. It is recommended that there should be a proper waste disposal system and waste should be treated before entering the river. Educational and awareness programs, seminars, workshops should be organized to control pollution. Some measures should be taken before such a big problem. Water pollution has many negative effects such as diseases, death of aquatic animals, economic costs of cleaning processes, destruction of ecosystems, disruption of food chains. Here, education about the dangers of water pollution is extremely important, as it helps people adopt the right approach while dealing with the environment.
Such education activities that inform and empower people to help in water conservation should be encouraged and invested in them. Environmental education teaches persons weighing various aspects of the environmental issue to inform and take responsible decisions. Activities that increase awareness for people before contaminating water sources are very important. Water pollution is the cause of our undisciplined works and irresponsible. We all know that water is very important and we do not want to pollute water. Without water, neither we nor anything can survive. Therefore, people should help prevent, maintain, save and protect water pollution. Let us be disciplined and responsible not only to save, preserve and preserve water sources but also other natural resources because our nature helps and helps us in our daily life.
Read Also:
- Effects Of Environmental Pollution
- Causes Of Environmental Pollution
- Major Types Of Pollution
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- A Review On The Effects Of Water Pollution On Freshwater Fish Species
- Water Pollution: Causes, Negative Effects And Prevention Methods
- Prevention Of Water Pollution
- Effects And Control Ways of Water Pollution
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