Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin’s career in the Soviet Union’s leading security and intelligence agency, Komitte Gosudarastvenoy Bezopasnosti (KGB) lasted from 1975 to 1991 and was the historical witness period of his intensive commercial development, intensive ideological exploration and internal patronage of the Soviet state.
His time spent in KGB – from his recruitment soon after graduating from Leningrad State University in 1975 to his formal resignation in 1991, shaped his skills only in intelligence, monitoring and psychological campaigns, but also reinforced his long -term thoughts on state control, rights, international relations and strategic vulgarity of nations. From the peak of the Soviet global influence to its dramatic disintegration, this 16-year period of his life gave Putin a unique attitude on the functioning of power, secrecy and geopolitics, which later became the main column of his perspective towards leadership in Soviet-North Russia.
In 1975, after receiving a law degree from Leningrad State University – where he studied in the Faculty of International Law – Vladimir Putin officially started his career in KGB. At this time, the Soviet Union was led by Lyonid Brezhnev, and the Cold War was at its peak. KGB served as both an internal security mechanism and an external intelligence service, whose obligation was to collect information, to compete with espionage, maintain ideological discipline and support Soviet foreign policy through secret campaigns.
As a new recruitment, Putin was first posted to the KGB’s Leningrad Directorate, which was responsible for the regional copy-Khufia. His duties included overseas, businessmen and academics – such as diplomat, businessmen and academics, who were considered a potential danger or detective agent. In this early stage of his career, Putin was mainly assigned monitoring and testing tasks to ensure that foreign foreign active behavior active in the Soviet region does not violate the boundaries of permissible behavior and not involved in destroying activities.
After working for some time in Leningrad, Putin was sent to Moscow to receive formal intelligence training at KGB’s specific training school, Yuri Andropov Red Banner Institute. The institute, established after Yuri Andropov, led the KGB from 1967 to 1982 and later became the General Secretary of the Communist Party, was the primary center of training of top intelligence officers of the Soviet Union. Putin’s training in this institute was probably began in 1976 and included operational strategy, per-delayed methods, surveillance techniques, firearms, encryption, foreign languages and psychological profiles. He also received training to work and maintain agent networks in foreign environment under diplomatic cover. The training emphasized discipline, privacy, political allegiance and psychological stamina – these values were the origin of KGB organizational ethos.
Till completing his training at the Red Banner Institute, probably around 1977, Putin returned to Leningrad and continued his work in the Domestic Copy Department. During this time, he worked in the Second Main Directorate, whose attention was focused on keeping an eye on the disgruntled, preventing ideological sabotage and monitoring the conduct of Soviet citizens and institutions to ensure their loyalty to communist rule.
His role included monitoring contacts between Soviet citizens and foreign nationals, especially in educational and cultural institutions. The late 1970s was a stressful phase for the Soviet Union in the late 1970s and early 1980s, when the new enmity of the Cold War had increased between East and West. As a result, KGB work in both internal and external regions intensified, and Putin’s role was part of this growing atmosphere of monitoring and pale.
In 1984, Putin was selected for further training and preparation of foreign functions, after almost a decade of service in the domestic KGB structure. He returned to Moscow for advanced courses at the Red Banner Institute, this time his focus focused on the operational plan of foreign intelligence campaigns. He was imparted training in German language skills and was designed for deployment in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), which was one of the most strategically important colleagues of the Soviet Union in Europe at that time. This phase of training focused on intensive secret campaigns, operation of informers, handling secret communication and working under diplomatic cover.
In 1985, Vladimir Putin was appointed in Dresseden, East Germany, where he began working as an undercover KGB officer. His official role was of a translator and cultural contact officer at the Soviet consulate, but in fact, he was employed as an officer of a medium-line of the first Chief Directorate, whose task was to collect foreign intelligence. Located in the southeastern part of East Germany, DressDen was considered relatively quietly but strategically important place due to more stringent control and monitoring diplomatic centers such as Berlin, such as proximity to the West Germany border.
Putin’s main tasks in Dresden included recruitment of those from East Germany who had access to political, technical or military intelligence information; To facilitate the exchange of information between Stasi in KGB and East Germany; And institutions in Soviet and East Germany included defects or conceptual differences.
From 1985 to 1990, Putin’s term in Dresden coincides with a sign of significant upheaval in Eastern Europe. Although East Germany remained a prominent Soviet partner, in the late 1980s, the Eastern Block saw the demand for unrest and democratic reforms increasing. From his post, Putin kept a close watch on these developments and maintained close contact with East Germany’s powerful secret police, Stasi.
According to reports of those years, Putin was considered systematic, disciplined and alert. He maintained a low-profile by successfully controlling the complex mobility between Soviet intelligence and their East German counterparts. His work was not considered a high-profile, but it required considerable tact and sensitivity to local conditions. It is believed that during this time Putin developed permanent ideas on the reliability of colleagues, instability of public sentiment and the importance of maintaining a strong, centralized state mechanism.
The decisive moment of Putin’s dressed deployment came in 1989, when there were mass protests before the Berlin’s wall collapsed. On 9 November 1989, the Eastern German government announced that the civilian border could enter the West Berlin independently, which effectively eliminated the city’s decades -old division. As the crowd of East Germans moved towards border posts and government offices, many institutions in the East German state, including Soviet KGB institutions, found themselves under pressure and did not get clear instructions. A famous incident occurred in early December 1989, when a fierce mob surrounded the KGB campus in Dresseden. Putin, who was the senior KGB officer present there, tried to protect the building and its documents.
He was reportedly called to assist the nearby Soviet military command, but he was told that Moscow is not ready to intervene without top level order. This reaction of the Central Soviet command influenced Putin deeply, and confirmed the idea that the state power should never look weak or indoors. He later described this moment as a moment of disillusionment and a significant turn in his political consciousness, which confirmed his perception that chaos and collapse, weak leadership and indifference at the highest level.
Putin returned to Leningrad after the fall of East German rule in 1990 and the integration of Germany. By this time, the Soviet Union itself was on the verge of disintegration. The economy was collapsing, the nationalist movements were strengthened in the republics, and the Communist Party’s hold on power was decreasing rapidly. In this era of uncertainty and national change, Putin had to make a difficult choice about his future career. Although he retained the post of Lieutenant Colonel and he was respected for his loyalty and professional attitude in KGB, but the role of KGB in the country, away from communist ideology, was constantly becoming unclear.
In 1990, when returned to Leningrad, Putin accepted an civilian job at Leningrad State University, where he worked in the Department of International Affairs under the guidance of former professor and emerging democratic politician Anatoli Sobachak.
Despite this formal change in the education world, Putin was associated with KGB for several months and officially resigned in August 1991 itself. This was an important month in Soviet history, when radical communist leaders tried a coup to prevent the reforms of Mikhail Gorbachev and to prevent the disintegration of the Soviet Union. The failure of the coup intensified the disintegration of the Soviet power structures, including KGB, disintegrated and reorganized in new Russian agencies such as FSB and SVR.
Putin’s resignation in 1991 was a symbol of the end of his formal role in the Soviet Intelligence Department, but the institutional mentality, strategic thinking and operational discipline he had achieved in sixteen years would remain an integral part of his political identity. At the time of resignation, he had the post of Lieutenant Colonel, which reflects his seniority and depth of experience. Unlike many of his colleagues stuttering in Soviet-western infection, Putin stepped up rapidly in politics on the strength of his relationship, disciplined approach and ability to deal with complex bureaucracy situations. The skills he developed in privacy, persuasion, information control and strategic foresight proved to be important in his uplift in the Russian political system in the 1990s.
Vladimir Putin’s term in KGB from 1975 to 1991 was a decisive phase of ideological construction and professional training. Starting with monitoring and starting with the duties of Leningrad, moving through high-level training at the Yuri Andropov Red Banner Institute, and after five years of foreign trip in DressDen in the last years of the Cold War, not only a politician KGB, but also as an intelligence officer, but also as a politically aware, highly discovered and strategic thinking. His direct experience of state collapse in East Germany and the Soviet Union created a deep mistrust of political instability and a permanent commitment towards the state’s power and centralized power. Although her KGB career ended in 1991, habits, loyalty and world visions during those years would define Russia’s leadership in the coming decades.
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