In today’s era, Internet has become an integral part of our lives. We can get information from around the world through internet from mobile, laptop or any device in a few seconds. But have you ever wondered how this Internet works? Let us understand it in simple language.
The Internet is a vast network that connects computers, servers and devices around the world. When we open a website, watch videos, or make online calls, all data is sent from one place to another. This data reaches us through many technologies.
To run the Internet smoothly, the following things are mainly necessary:
(A) Fiber optic cable: network spanning under the sea
• The largest network of Internet worldwide is connected to fiber optic cables. These cables are laid under the sea and connect one country to another.
• In these cables, data is sent in the form of light, which moves at high speed.
• Special ships are used for laying at sea, and this is a very expensive and complex task.
• Thousands of kilometers long fiber cables have been laid in the world, with which the entire internet network is connected.
(b) Internet Service Providers (ISP)
• The general public cannot connect directly to the fiber cable laid under the sea, so we need an Internet service provider (ISP – Internet Service Provider).
• Companies such as Jio, Airtel, BSNL, Vodafone provide internet services. These companies are connected to big data centers and fiber networks.
• ISPs deliver internet to our homes and offices through broadband, fiber internet and mobile data.
(C) IP address and DNS system
• Every device that is connected to the Internet has an IP address (Internet Protocol Address). It gives a unique identity to every device on the Internet.
• Since numbers are difficult to remember, DNS (Domain Name System) changes names to IP addresses.
• When we type google.com, DNS turns it into the IP address of Google’s server and the website opens.
Various technologies are used to connect the Internet worldwide:
(a) Internet network spread under the sea
• Fiber optic cables are laid beneath the world’s oceans, connecting continents and countries to the Internet.
• When we open a website, the data reaches another country or server through these cables and comes back.
• For example, if you open a website located in the US from India, it travels thousands of kilometers for data transfer.
(b) Wireless and mobile networks
• When we use mobile internet, this data goes from our mobile to the mobile tower.
• The mobile tower sends it to the Internet server via a fiber optic network.
• With the help of 4 G and 5 G technology, the Internet has become much faster than before.
• Wi-Fi, Hotspot, and Broadband are also vehicles for wireless connectivity.
(c) Satellite Internet
• In some parts of the world where fiber cables and mobile networks cannot reach, satellite internet is used.
• SpaceX’s Starlink project is working in this direction, allowing high-speed internet access even in remote areas.
Various technologies are used to keep data secure on the Internet:
(a) SSL/TLS encryption
• When we visit a website, our data is sent securely.
• https:// in the URL of websites means it is secure and the data is being sent in encrypted form.
(b) Firewalls and antivirus
• Firewall acts like a security wall, protecting against dangerous websites and viruses.
• Antivirus programs provide protection against viruses and malware in computers.
(C) VPN (Virtual Private Network)
• Using VPN we can keep our internet traffic safe and hide our location.
1. Internet Speed – Today’s Internet Speed has become 100 times faster than it was a few years ago.
2. Millions of gigabytes of data are transferred every second.
3. Google is the most used website in the world.
4. More than 2.5 million emails are sent every second in the world.
5. 90% of the Internet data is hidden in ‘dark web’, which common users cannot access.
The Internet is a very complex but brilliant technology that connects us to the world through fiber optic cables, wireless networks and satellites. It gives us the power to access information from any corner. Connect To altechbloggers.com will keep bringing you such interesting and informative articles.
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