Science and technology have two aspects: science and technology. Each is different in its undertakings. Science is a scientific system of cognition that human beings acquired and accumulated during long-term social practice. As a whole, in the precious output from mankind’s understanding of nature and society in different periods of history, it is just the correct understanding. As far as scientific development is concerned, with the renewal of certain tools, products, processes, methods, methods, etc., technology has made the process and activities shorter and more effective. The effects of science and technology on social development are spreading far and wide, and science and technology can be compared with a double-edged sword, because it brings rapid development of society but at the same time has negative effects for society.
Science and technology are two levers, which are likely to make social development into a stronger force than the sum of other issues. Deliver a product and while bringing science and technology to create it, such production by social necessity will only serve as the very perfect and stimulus that is set in an inventive mind, so it is later developed as quite a significant motivation to accelerate social development; such is quite a great propellant force in its development stage. Science and technology play a very important role as a social phenomenon and activity in the dynamic system of social and historical development. Marx said: “Science and technology are productive forces,” “Science and technology are powerful levers of history”. Science and technology have an extremely important impact on the development of social modes of production.
1. The impact of science and technology on the modes of production
Science and technology have changed the elements of the structure of social productivity. In its aspects, the substance of the matter is such that productivity allows workers to exert force against labor objects to work with labor tools and labor materials. This means that in the material components of productivity, the elements are composed of laborers, labor materials and labor objects. All three are substantial forms of productivity otherwise called the “software” of productivity. Since the permeable factor of productivity is the “hardware,” science and technology, therefore, especially from the perspective of the three basic elements of the workers’ labor-labor materials and labor objects-it is from these three directions that we can talk about the current improving quality of laborers and their labor productivity. First of all, only modern armed forces science and technology enable laborers to achieve high quality production efficiency.
People, as laborers, are the most active factor of productivity; however, the workers of modern social productivity are not only people with healthy limbs and well-developed muscles, but knowledgeable, skilled and creative people. Workers must constantly learn and master new principles of science and technology and increase their ability to transform nature, meeting the demands of social development. Human intellectual labor only creates extraordinary production capabilities. Scientific and technological achievements entered the labor material, thus changing the nature, structure and functions of the latter. Now, the means of labor itself becomes the decisive role in the content of labor. Each technological revolution causes a revolutionary change in the labor tool and in all examples of historical development the change of labor tool has indeed promoted the tremendous growth of productivity. Then, from the widespread use of electronic computers to use one’s own body as a labor tool to manufacture tools and then develop and use electronic computers to simulate human thinking to the high level of intelligence of modern machines.
Finally, the development of science and technology and its application in production has expanded the scope of labor objects, enhanced the quality and use of labor objects, and whether many substances in nature can enter people’s practical fields as labor objects depends on the current level of science and technology. Take space resources as an example. In the past, they did not even imagine the story of a flight to the moon on Zhang’s wing in their souls. However, with space technology breakthrough, human beings themselves began to develop space resources, for example, marine resources and mineral resources, and so on, in the sophisticated technology today, resources can gradually enter the processes of work by human beings and become subject to labor power.
2. Changes in people’s labor forms caused by science and technology
Science and technology development supports the labor mode of the production process, or greatly, changes the form in which the laborer combines labor means and labor object in the production process. Now that the progress of microelectronic technology has been widely applied in various fields and intelligent machines can replace part of the work completed by the human brain, the work mode changes from the basis of a mechanical automation to an intelligent automation, while partially changing the scope of automation to large-scale system management and control automation.
3. Science and technology have transformed social and economic structures
Indeed, science and technology constantly create new processes, new materials, and new equipment that will develop new resources, generate the launching of new products, and launch new processes; both changing the technical nature of production departments traditionally practiced and offering to establish new departments based on new technologies.
4. Science and technology have transformed human life
Amazing, indeed, science and technology have created such wonderful tools and means; however, they gradually merge into human life. Life has become unable to be separated from science and technology. In fact, the dressing, eating, housing, and transportation of our lives depend on technology to some extent, thus changing our way of life. And no matter at home in this pandemic, one can turn to online computer learning. There are innumerable online learning materials, and it is possible to listen to courses taught by great lecturers from great schools on huge websites while sitting at the computer desk. With all these learning materials, one is also able to watch movies, games, and entertainment programs, thereby constantly enriching and improving our quality of life in the spiritual realm.
As for the new transportation mode, high-speed railways and air planes largely improved the ways of travel and saved a lot of time compared to earlier days when people traveled by their own efficiency; even payment through the Internet can replace all traditional forms of payment by paper money and bank cards; new ways of leasing shared bicycles provide strong support for reasonable resource management by people themselves, and this feature is being supported by various others. So, in simple words, science is working immensely for the human life and living standard.
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